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How To Install Lighttpd on CentOS

install lighttpd on centos

In this tutorial we will install and configuration of Lighttpd on CentOS Linux server.

Lighttpd is a fast and secure web-server which has been optimized for high-performance environments. With a small memory footprint compared to other web-servers, effective management of the cpu-load, and advanced feature set (FastCGI, SCGI, Auth, Output-Compression, URL-Rewriting and many more) lighttpd is the perfect solution for every server that is suffering load problems. Here’s a brief tutorial that shows you how to install lighttpd web server on centOS.

Install Lighttpd on CentOS

Step 1. First add EPEL yum repository your system.

 rpm -Uvh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

Step 2. Install Lighttpd using yum package manager

 yum install lighttpd lighttpd-fastcgi

Step 3. Start Lighttpd Server

 service lighttpd start

Step 4. Testing Lighttpd

To make sure everything installed correctly we will now test Lighttpd to ensure it is working properly. Open up any web browser and then enter the following into the web address:

 http://localhost/  or  http://your.ip.addr.ess

Note: Lighttpd’s default document root is /srv/www/lighttpd, you can use this or change it by editing the configuration file /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf.

Congratulation’s! You have successfully installed lighttpd. Thanks for using this tutorial for installing lighttpd web server on CentOS system. For additional help or useful information, we recommend you to check the official lighttpd web site.

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How To Install Lighttpd With PHP And MariaDB on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

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How To Install PHP 5.6 on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Install PHP 5.6 on Ubuntu 16

PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is an open source, popular general-purpose scripting language that is widely-used and best suited for developing websites and web-based applications. It is a server-side scripting language that can be embedded in HTML. By default Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) now comes with PHP 7.0. You can install PHP 5.6 in parallel and switch between them using the following instructions.

This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo’ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step by step installation PHP 5.6 on a Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus) server.

Install PHP 5.6 on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Step 1. First make sure that all your system packages are up-to-date

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Step 2. Installing PHP 5.6 on Ubuntu 16.04.

Use the following set of commands to enable PPA for PHP 5.6 in your Ubuntu system and install PHP 5.6:

sudo apt-get install -y software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

Now, install PHP 5.6using the apt command:

apt-get install -y php5.6

Verify the PHP version using the following command:

php -V

Result:

PHP 5.6.32-1+ubuntu16.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 (cli)
Copyright (c) 1997-2016 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.6.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2016 Zend Technologies
 with Zend OPcache v7.0.6-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2016, by Zend Technologies

Congratulation’s! You have successfully installed PHP 5. Thanks for using this tutorial for installing latest stable version of PHP 5.6 on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) system. For additional help or useful information, we recommend you to check the official PHP web site.

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How to Learn Tutorial in CakePHP

Learn Tutorial in CakePHP

CakePHP is an open-source framework for PHP. It is intended to make developing, deploying and maintaining applications much easier. CakePHP is based on an MVC-like architecture that is both powerful and easy to grasp. Models, Views, and Controllers guarantee a strict but natural separation of business logic from data and presentation layers.

Audience

This tutorial is meant for web developers and students who would like to learn how to develop websites using CakePHP. It will provide a good understanding of how to use this framework.

Prerequisites

Before you proceed with this tutorial, we assume that you have knowledge of HTML, Core PHP, and Advance PHP. We have used CakePHP version 3.2.7 in all the examples.

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How to Working with Database in CakePHP

Working with Database in CakePHP

Working with database in CakePHP is very easy. We will understand the CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations in this chapter. Before we proceed, we need to create the following users’ table in the database.

CREATE TABLE `users` (
   `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   `username` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
   `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) 
ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 7 DEFAULT CHARSET = latin1

Further, we also need to configure our database in config/app.php file.

Insert a Record

To insert a record in database, we first need to get hold of a table using TableRegistry class. We can fetch the instance out of registry using get() method. The get() method will take the name of the database table as an argument.

This new instance is used to create new entity. Set necessary values with the instance of new entity. We now have to call the save() method with TableRegistry class’s instance which will insert new record in database.

Example

Make changes in the config/routes.php file as shown in the following program.

config/routes.php

<?php
   use Cake\Core\Plugin;
   use Cake\Routing\RouteBuilder;
   use Cake\Routing\Router;

   Router::defaultRouteClass('DashedRoute');
   Router::scope('/', function (RouteBuilder $routes) {
      $routes->connect('/users/add', ['controller' => 'Users', 'action' => 'add']);
      $routes->fallbacks('DashedRoute');
   });
   Plugin::routes();

Create a UsersController.php file at src/Controller/UsersController.php. Copy the following code in the controller file.

src/controller/UsersController.php

<?php
   namespace App\Controller;
   use App\Controller\AppController;
   use Cake\ORM\TableRegistry;
   use Cake\Datasource\ConnectionManager;
   use Cake\Auth\DefaultPasswordHasher;

   class UsersController extends AppController{
      public function add(){
         if($this->request->is('post')){
            $username = $this->request->data('username');
            $hashPswdObj = new DefaultPasswordHasher;
            $password = $hashPswdObj->hash($this->request->data('password'));
            $users_table = TableRegistry::get('users');
            $users = $users_table->newEntity();
            $users->username = $username;
            $users->password = $password;
         
            if($users_table->save($users))
            echo "User is added.";
         }
      }
   }
?>

Create a directory Users at src/Template and under that directory create a View file called add.ctp. Copy the following code in that file.

src/Template/Users/add.ctp

<?php
   echo $this->Form->create("Users",array('url'=>'/users/add'));
   echo $this->Form->input('username');
   echo $this->Form->input('password');
   echo $this->Form->button('Submit');
   echo $this->Form->end();
?>

Execute the above example by visiting the following URL.

http://localhost:85/CakePHP/users/add

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How to Working with Views in CakePHP

Working with Views in CakePHP

The letter “V” in the MVC is for Views. Views are responsible for sending output to user based on request. View Classes is a powerful way to speed up the development process.

View Templates

The View Templates file of CakePHP has default extension .ctp (CakePHP Template). These templates get data from controller and then render the output so that it can be displayed properly to the user. We can use variables, various control structures in template.

Template files are stored in src/Template/, in a directory named after the controller that uses the files, and named after the action it corresponds to. For example, the View file for the Products controller’s “view()” action, would normally be found in src/Template/Products/view.ctp.

In short, the name of the controller (ProductsController) is same as the name of the folder (Products) but without the word Controller and name of action/method (view()) of the controller (ProductsController) is same as the name of the View file(view.ctp).

View Variables

View variables are variables which get the value from controller. We can use as many variables in view templates as we want. We can use the set() method to pass values to variables in views. These set variables will be available in both the view and the layout your action renders. The following is the syntax of the set() method.

Syntax

Cake\View\View::set(string $var, mixed $value)

This method takes two arguments − the name of the variable and its value.

Example

Make Changes in the config/routes.php file as shown in the following program.

config/routes.php

<?php
   use Cake\Core\Plugin;
   use Cake\Routing\RouteBuilder;
   use Cake\Routing\Router;

   Router::defaultRouteClass('DashedRoute');
   Router::scope('/', function (RouteBuilder $routes) {
      $routes->connect('template',['controller'=>'Products','action'=>'view']);
      $routes->fallbacks('DashedRoute');
   });
   Plugin::routes();

Create a ProductsController.php file at src/Controller/ProductsController.php. Copy the following code in the controller file.

src/Controller/ProductsController.php

<?php
   namespace App\Controller;
   use App\Controller\AppController;
   
   class ProductsController extends AppController{
      public function view(){
         $this->set('Product_Name','XYZ');
      }
   }
?>

Create a directory Products at src/Template and under that folder create a View file called view.ctp. Copy the following code in that file.

src/Template/Products/view.ctp

Value of variable is: <?php echo $Product_Name; ?>

Execute the above example by visiting the following URL.

http://localhost:85/CakePHP/template

Output

The above URL will produce the following output.

 

products

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How to View Events, Callbacks in CakePHP

View Events, Callbacks in CakePHP

There are several callbacks/events that we can use with View Events. These events are helpful to perform several tasks before something happens or after something happens. The following is a list of callbacks that can be used with CakePHP.

S.No Event Function & Description
1 Helper::beforeRender(Event $event, $viewFile)

The beforeRender method is called after the controller’s beforeRender method but before the controller renders view and layout. This receives the file being rendered as an argument.
2 Helper::beforeRenderFile(Event $event, $viewFile)

This method is called before each view file is rendered. This includes elements, views, parent views and layouts.
3 Helper::afterRenderFile(Event $event, $viewFile, $content)

This method is called after each View file is rendered. This includes elements, views,parent views and layouts. A callback can modify and return $content to change how the rendered content will be displayed in the browser.
4 Helper::afterRender(Event $event, $viewFile)

This method is called after the view has been rendered but before the layout rendering has started.
5 Helper::beforeLayout(Event $event, $layoutFile)

This method is called before the layout rendering starts. This receives the layout filename as an argument.
6 Helper::afterLayout(Event $event, $layoutFile)

This method is called after the layout rendering is complete. This receives the layout filename as an argument.