Tag: Apache

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How To Install phpBB on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Install phpBB on Ubuntu 16

phpBB is an open source bulletin board forum software that provides a virtual space for discussion among the members of your website. It has a huge variety of features like flat topic structure, sub-forums, forum-specific styles, user groups, group-based permissions, database query and template caching, support for PHP 7, multiple database engines and much more.

This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo’ to the commands to get root privileges. I will show you through the step by step installation phpBB open source bulletin board forum on an Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial Xerus server.

Install phpBB on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Step 1. First make sure that all your system packages are up-to-date by running these following apt-get commands in the terminal.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Step 2. Install LAMP (Linux, Apache, MariaDB, PHP) server.

A Ubuntu 16.04 LAMP server is required. If you do not have LAMP installed, you can follow our guide here. Also install all required PHP modules:

apt-get install php7.0-mysql php7.0-curl php7.0-json php7.0-cgi php7.0 libapache2-mod-php7.0 php7.0-mcrypt php7.0-xmlrpc php7.0-gd

Step 3. Installing phpBB.

First thing to do is to go to phpBB’s download page and download the latest stable version of phpBB, At the moment of writing this article it is version 3.2.1:

wget https://www.phpbb.com/files/release/phpBB-3.2.1.zip

Unpack the phpBB archive to the document root directory on your server:

unzip -q phpBB-3.2.1.zip -d /var/www/html/
cd phpBB3
cp -a * ..

We will need to change some folders permissions:

cd /var/www/html/
chown www-data:www-data -R /var/www/html/
chmod 660 images/avatars/upload/ config.php
chmod 770 store/ cache/ files/

Step 4. Configuring MariaDB for phpBB.

By default, MariaDB is not hardened. You can secure MariaDB using the mysql_secure_installation script. you should read and below each steps carefully which will set root password, remove anonymous users, disallow remote root login, and remove the test database and access to secure MariaDB:

mysql_secure_installation

Configure it like this:

- Set root password? [Y/n] y
- Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
- Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
- Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

Next we will need to log in to the MariaDB console and create a database for the phpBB. Run the following command:

mysql -u root -p

This will prompt you for a password, so enter your MariaDB root password and hit Enter. Once you are logged in to your database server you need to create a database for phpBB installation:

create database phpBB;
create user 'phpBB_dbuser'@'localhost' identified by 'randomgeneratedpassword';
grant all privileges on phpBB.* to 'phpBB_dbuser'@'localhost';
flush privileges;
exit

Step 5. Configuring Apache web server for phpBB.

Create a new virtual host directive in Apache. For example, create a new Apache configuration file named ‘phpbb.conf’ on your virtual server:

sudo a2enmod rewrite
touch /etc/apache2/sites-available/phpbb.conf
ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/phpbb.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/phpbb.conf
nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/phpbb.conf

Add the following lines:

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/
ServerName your-domain.com
ServerAlias www.your-domain.com
<Directory /var/www/html/>
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/your-domain.com-error_log
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/your-domain.com-access_log common
</VirtualHost>

Now, we can restart Apache web server so that the changes take place:

systemctl restart apache2.service

Step 6. Accessing phpBB.

phpBB will be available on HTTP port 80 by default. Open your favorite browser and navigate to http://yourdomain.com/install or http://server-ip/install and complete the required the steps to finish the installation. If you are using a firewall, please open port 80 to enable access to the control panel.

Congratulation’s! You have successfully installed phpBB. Thanks for using this tutorial for installing phpBB on your Ubuntu 16.04. For additional help or useful information, we recommend you to check the official phpBB web site.

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How To Install Apache Hadoop on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Install Apache Hadoop on Ubuntu

Apache Hadoop is a an open-source software framework written in Java for distributed storage and distributed process, it handles very large size of data sets by distributing it across computer clusters. Rather than rely on hardware to deliver high-availability, the library itself is designed to detect and handle failures at the application layer, so delivering a highly-available service on top of a cluster of computers, each of which may be prone to failures.

This article assumes you have at least basic knowledge of Linux, know how to use the shell, and most importantly, you host your site on your own VPS. The installation is quite simple and assumes you are running in the root account, if not you may need to add ‘sudo’ to the commands to get root privileges. We will show you through the step by step installation Apache Hadoop on an Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial Xerus server.

Install Apache Hadoop on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Step 1. First make sure that all your system packages are up-to-date by running these following apt-get commands in the terminal.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Step 2. Installing Java (OpenJDK).

Since hadoop is based on java, make sure you have java jdk installed on the system. If you don’t have Java installed on your system, use following link to install it first.

Install Java JDK 8 on Ubuntu 16.04

[email protected] ~# java -version
java version "1.8.0_74"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_74-b02)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.74-b02, mixed mode)

Step 3. Installing Apache Hadoop.

To avoid security issues, we recommend to setup new Hadoop user group and user account to deal with all Hadoop related activities, following command:

sudo addgroup hadoopgroup
sudo adduser —ingroup hadoopgroup hadoopuser

After creating user, it also required to set up key based ssh to its own account. To do this use execute following commands:

su - hadoopuser
ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""
cat /home/hadoopuser/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /home/hadoopuser/.ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 600 authorized_keys
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub slave-1
ssh slave-1

Download the latest stable version of Apache Hadoop, At the moment of writing this article it is version 2.8.1:

wget http://www-us.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.8.1/hadoop-2.8.1.tar.gz
tar xzf hadoop-2.8.1.tar.gz
mv hadoop-2.8.1 hadoop

Step 4. Configure Apache Hadoop.

Setup Hadoop environment variables. Edit ~/.bashrc file and append following values at end of file:

export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/hadoop
export HADOOP_INSTALL=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin

Apply environmental variables to current running session:

source ~/.bashrc

Now edit $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh file and set JAVA_HOME environment variable:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/jdk1.8.0_74/

Hadoop has many of configuration files, which need to configure as per requirements of your hadoop infrastructure. Lets start with the configuration with basic hadoop single node cluster setup:

cd $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop

Edit core-site.xml:

<configuration>
<property>
  <name>fs.default.name</name>
    <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
</property>
</configuration>

Edit hdfs-site.xml:

<configuration>
<property>
 <name>dfs.replication</name>
 <value>1</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>dfs.name.dir</name>
    <value>file:///home/hadoop/hadoopdata/hdfs/namenode</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>dfs.data.dir</name>
    <value>file:///home/hadoop/hadoopdata/hdfs/datanode</value>
</property>
</configuration>

Edit mapred-site.xml:

<configuration>
 <property>
  <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
   <value>yarn</value>
 </property>
</configuration>

Edit yarn-site.xml:

<configuration>
 <property>
  <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
    <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
 </property>
</configuration>

Now format namenode using following command, do not forget to check the storage directory:

hdfs namenode -format

Start all hadoop services use the following command:

cd $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/
start-dfs.sh
start-yarn.sh

You should observe the output to ascertain that it tries to start datanode on slave nodes one by one. To check if all services are started well use ‘jps‘ command:

jps

Step 5. Accessing Apache Hadoop.

Apache Hadoop will be available on HTTP port 8088 and port 50070 by default. Open your favorite browser and navigate to http://yourdomain.com:50070 or http://server-ip:50070. If you are using a firewall, please open port 8088 and 50070 to enable access to the control panel.

Congratulation’s! You have successfully installed Apache Hadoop. Thanks for using this tutorial for installing Apache Hadoop on Ubuntu 16.04 system. For additional help or useful information, we recommend you to check the official Apache Hadoop web site.